| Abstract [eng] |
The common carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758) is one of the most important fish species across the world, economically and scientifically. Given the wide morphological and genetic diversity of the species, it is imperative to maintain the measures of preservation of its many varieties. This work sought to assess the genetic diversity, population differentiation, and structural composition of common carp strains raised within Lithuanian fish farms, creating a molecular background to help with the current conservation efforts within the country. In total there were 5 carp populations, 1 of Czech origin strain (Kapliai population), and 4 of Lithuanian origin strains (Arnionys, Simnas, Bartžuvė, and Šilavotas), the genetic diversity of which were assessed by genotyping the samples with a set of 10 microsatellite markers. In total, 97 alleles were determined across all populations, with the mean allele count per population ranging from 3.222 (Šilavotas) to 3.977 (Kapliai). All populations had lower observed heterozygosities than what was expected within the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, however, Šilavotas had the lowest difference, while Simnas – the highest. It was found, thus, that the Šilavotas population had the lowest diversity, Kapliai – the highest, and that the Simnas population was the most at risk of imminent inbreeding depression. An insight into population differentiation found that Kapliai and Šilavotas had the highest differentiation from the remaining 3 populations. Insight into the genetic structural composition across all 5 populations has found that Kapliai and Šilavotas had unique and distinct genetic compositions reminiscent of purebred strains, while Arnionys, Simnas, and Bartžuvė had a shared structure which suggests that these are hybrid strains that experience a high degree of stock exchange between these fish farms. The current findings serve as an insight into the current genetic stature of strains raised in Lithuania. |
