| Abstract [eng] |
Lipases are widely researched enzyme group because of their ability to catalyze a wide range of synthesis reactions. The aim of this doctoral thesis was to study and optimize fatty acid ester synthesis using lipases. The influence of enzyme choice, its preparation (immobilization), choice of substrates and reaction conditions on fat hydrolysis, biodiesel and phenethyloctanoate (flavour ester) synthesis reaction course and yield was studied. Enterobacter aerogenes lipase, which was developed in Lithuania, was immobilized and its properties were determined for the first time. Commercial lipases were used for hydrolysis and synthesis reactions, the influence of reaction parameters was determined using response surface methodology, and so the yield was optimized. Silica gel was found to be a promising reaction additive for acyl group migration catalysis in biodiesel synthesis reaction. Different lipase specificities towards different acylglycerol classes and regioisomers varied greatly; on the basis of this knowledge two-step biodiesel synthesis catalysis was proposed. |
