| Abstract [eng] |
The dissertation investigates Heidegger‘s thinking of being in terms of its relation to the philosophy of Aristotle. Whereas Heidegger‘s texts committed to reconstructing Aristotle‘s philosophy were released and started being translated to other languages relatively recently, the German‘s thinking has so far been rather poorly understood both in Lithuania and in the rest of the world. The Heideggerian phenomenological-hermeneutical exegesis of Aristotle‘s texts is apparently essential not only to the project of Being and Time but also to the thought developed after „the Turn“. When the thinking of the philosopher of the Black Forest is viewed in the background of interpreting Aristotle‘s philosophy, one can also better understand its historic(al) dimension, its relation to the pre-modern (ancient and medieval-Christian), modern and post-modern paradigms. The dissertation defends the thesis that the philosophy of Heidegger as a whole is a double move of destructuring and more primordially restructuring the philosophy of Aristotle (and – together – the Cartesian philosophy that conceptually as well as historically is dependent on Greek ontology). This move is performed by construing the basic concepts of Aristotle in terms of the twofold of being and entity which is enabled by the Christian experience of creatio ex nihilo. Furthermore, the construction of the philosophy of Aristotle in terms of the ontological difference is also a critique of modern and post-moderns paradigms, because they are historically as well as conceptually linked to the forgetfulness of being which also lay in Greek ontology as a possibility of the inauthentic development of this ontology. |
