| Title | 
							Assessing the causal impact of culture on socio-economic variables in European countries | 
						
					
	                    | Authors | 
	                    Mažeikaitė, Kristina | 
	                
	            
	                    | DOI | 
	                    10.1177/02601079241232775 | 
	                
	            
						| Full Text | 
						
	                    	
	                        	 
	                        
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	                    | Is Part of | 
	                    Journal of interdisciplinary economics.. New Delhi : SAGE Publications. 2025, vol. 37, iss. 2, p. 200-219.. ISSN 0260-1079. eISSN 2321-5305 | 
	                
	            
	                    | Keywords [eng] | 
	                    cultural economy ; research methods for cultural studies ; cultural capital ; economics & development studies ; Granger causality ; panel VAR | 
	                
	            
						| Abstract [eng] | 
						Despite the growing attention to the impact of culture on socio-economic indicators, there is a lack of causality evidence. Scholars have noted that cultural values or norms, as well as, a vibrant cultural environment can have a positive impact on GDP growth, labour productivity, the attraction of human capital and the improvement of human well-being. However, the issue of endogeneity is not thoroughly debated. Not only can culture impact economic development, but socio-economic environment also affects the cultural indicators. Therefore, it is essential to identify the causal effects of culture. This article aims to assess whether culture has a causal impact on socio-economic variables. The Granger procedure is utilised to evaluate causal relationships, describing the cultural environment with a comprehensive set of 45 cultural indicators across 30 European countries. This enables the comparison of the relationship between culture and socio-economic variables using the same method across different countries. Additionally, cultural indices are constructed. The research is extended by employing a panel vector autoregression (VAR) model. The key finding of this article demonstrates a causal impact of culture on socio-economic indicators, confirmed by both the Granger procedure and panel VAR estimations. | 
					
				
	                    | Published | 
	                    New Delhi : SAGE Publications | 
	                
	            
	                    | Type | 
	                    Journal article | 
	                
	            
	                    | Language | 
	                    English | 
	                
	            
						| Publication date | 
						2025 | 
					
				
						| CC license | 
						
	                    	
	                        	 
	                        
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