| Abstract [eng] |
Following the information by the World Health Organization (WHO) CHD is the leading cause of disability and early death all over the world. Modification of risk factors may reduce the number of clinical records and early deaths. Prevention measures need to be taken for individuals with already diagnosed CHD as well as those with risk factors for CHD. Thesis objective: Investigation of healthcare and nursing needs of patients after CHD. Thesis tasks: Assessment of risk factors affecting patients suffering from CHD and knowledge possessed by patients suffering from CHD about the need for modification of the risk factors; Examination of biopsychoemotional condition of patients suffering from CHD; Analysis of physical activity of patients suffering from CHD; Examination of health condition–related quality of life of patients suffering from CHD; Suggesting possible methods of nursing staff working with the patients aiming at CHD prevention. Material and methodology: Investigation target: Knowledge possessed by patients suffering from CHD; healthcare and nursing needs. Investigation method: interviewed patients suffering from CHD through applying standardized questionnaires; analysis of case records, measurements of physical data of patients. Questionnaires used: Questionnaire developed by the European Society of Cardiology, aimed to assess the level of knowledge on prophylaxis of CHD EU-wide; HADS Questionnaire – Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale; EUROQOL 5D Questionnaire aimed at measuring health-related quality of life; SF-12 Questionnaire – Medical Outcomes, Study Short Form-12; MOS – SF-12; IPAQ – International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The investigation has involved 100 patients. Main conclusions: Most of advice pertaining to healthy life style is related with nutrition correction, though less attention is paid to enhancement of physical activity as well as reduction of weight and obesity, which most patients suffer from. Advice on wellness given by health care specialists to patients predetermined decisions the latter have taken: to quit smoking, adhere to proper nutrition mode or strive to enhance everyday physical activity. Most patients have sufficient and specific knowledge about blood pressure measurement, assessment and control, they know the target measure of artery blood pressure, however, have less information about indicators of laboratory tests (cholesterol, glucose concentration, etc.) and their reference values. Willing to enhance their physical activity patients prefer more intense regular physical actions rather than systematic sporting or exercise practice as they feel impact of restrictions caused by their worse health condition. Longer strolls compensate the lack of physical activity but they are insufficient for weight loss. |
