| Abstract [eng] |
There is no doubt that parental conflicts can be the cause of child‘s stress. The studies of healthy children show that marital conflicts can be extremely harmful. However there are not many empirical studies of how marital conflicts relate to psychological adjustment in children with bronchial asthma. So the purpose of this study was to explore the relations between parental conflicts resolutions, their children with asthma psychological adjustment and certain demographic data. During the study parents of 192 children aged from 1,8 - 12 years were questionned. 86 children, 56 boys and 30 girls, were suffering from mild (N = 55) and moderate (N = 31) asthma forms. 106 of the same age children, 55 boys and 50 girls, without any chronic disease were used as a comparison group. In the study Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL/1½-5 and CBCL6–18), the Conflicts and Problem – Solving Scales (CPS) and child‘s environmental questionnaire were used. The analysis of results showed that children with asthma have more internal difficulties than healthy children. Girls with asthma have more external difficulties as compared to their healthy peers. The expression of these difficulties does not differ depending on the form of asthma or child‘s with asthma gender. It was found that pre-school age children with asthma have more emotional and general (emotional and behavioural) difficulties than their healthy peers. The study showed that parents who had children with asthma (under the mothers assessments) are more effective at resolving marital conflicts as compared to parents with healthy children. In the families with boys suffering from asthma, there are less marital conflicts, which are resolved more effectively and less frequently resolved through a destructive strategies than in the families with healthy children. There were identified differences between interparental conflicts resolution considering the asthma patient‘s gender. Parents with girls with asthma conflict more often and use verbal aggression more than parents who have boys with asthma. The conflicts of parents with children who are suffering from a mild form of asthma are more severe and complicated as compared to conflicts of parents with moderate asthma form sick children. What is more, parents with school-age children with asthma use avoidance strategy less than parents with healthy school-age children. It was found that children‘s with asthma behavioural, emotional and general difficulties are mostly related to destructive resolution of conflicts: to severity of conflicts, the lack of conflict resolution, the use of stonewalling strategy, verbal and physical aggression, frequent child’s involvement in conflicts. The study results also showed that children‘s with asthma emotional difficulties are associated with mother‘s and father‘s lower education and lower income, behavioural difficulties – with lower mother‘s education, whereas parents with children with asthma conflicts resolution is related to mother‘s education and income. |
