| Abstract [eng] |
Changes that are caused by globalisation affects various fields in countries with no exception of accounting regulation. An extension of performance of business units makes premise to international accounting regulation. Due to this reason in 2002 was made a resolution to harmonize the biggest two accounting systems – U.S. and EU. This accounting harmonization is obviously a project with exclusive importance and it`s results will affect not only U.S. and EU but also others business units from around the world. Harmonized accounting standards will form the conditions for the more efective performance of international business units. There is the need to take a note of the fact that international harmonization is notably an imperative and one-to-many process, however. Consequently it is to the purpose to take a glance at U.S. and EU accounting harmonization, by it`s effectiveness approach. This way it is possible to examine if this kind of extensive project is practicable. Object of the paper – U.S. and EU accounting harmonization. The aim of the paper – to evaluate the implementation`s level of U.S. and EU de jure and de facto accounting harmonization. In pursuance of the aim there are examining these problems: 1. Form the generalised model of accounting regulation differences. 2. Perform the theoretical comparison of U.S. and EU accounting standartization. 3. Evaluate the formal de jure accounting harmonization of U.S. and EU. 4. Execute an analysis of methodology of accounting harmonization and to choose appropriate methods, to estimate the range of research, to settle the number of research variables. 5. Estimate the level of U.S. and EU practical de facto accounting harmonization. 6. Define the problems which caused the certain U.S. and EU practical de facto accounting harmonization level and to propose suggestions for the refinement of U.S. and EU accounting harmonization process. The structure of the paper. Paper consists of three main sections. In the first section there is presenting the generalized model of accounting harmonization theories and classifications, highlighting the differences of U.S. and EU accounting standartization, analyzing the benefit of and obstacles to international accounting harmonization. The second section encompasses the research of formal de jure accounting harmonization of U.S. and EU. The results of this research are the base for the research of U.S. and EU practical de facto accounting harmonization. Also there is defined the methodology of the research of U.S. and EU practical de facto accounting harmonization. In the third section of this paper an estimated level of U.S. and EU practical de facto accounting harmonization disclosed an actual situation of U.S. and EU accounting harmonization, that is U.S. and EU international accounting harmonization is not existing. It is possible to make an indirect premise that the formal differences in accounting standards affects the practical accounting harmonization process nevertheless. Consequently formal de jure U.S. and EU accounting harmonization is not effective. Systematizing the results from U.S. and EU de jure and de facto accounting harmonization researches we come to the main conclusion – U.S. and EU accounting harmonization is not implemented. |
