| Abstract [eng] |
BACKGROUND: Individuals exposed to red blood cell alloantigens through transfusion may produce antibodies. Clinically significant red blood cells alloantibodies develop in 1- 38 % of patient, who receive multiple transfusion. Red cell antibodies, which can become undetectable over time, can cause delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions after incompatible blood transfusions. STUDY DESIGN, METHODS: Blood samples of 674 patients with hematologic and hematooncologic diseases, who undergo transfusion were studied. Antibodies screening and identification were performed by direct and indirect Coombs test. RESULTS: We examined the alloimmmunization risk and antibodies incidence over the period of 2 years (2004-2006). • Alloantibodies were found in 36,36 %, allo- and autoantibodies in– 52,27 %, autoantibodies in– 11,36 % patients. Alloantibodies against blood group system antigens incidence: Rh (58,75 %), Kell (11,25 %), MNS (7,5 %), Duffy (6,25 %), Lutheran (6,25 %), Lewis (5,00 %), Kidd (5,00 %) • We found that overall immunization rate in patients was 14, 77 % against Rh (68,42 %), Lutheran (15,79 %), Kell (10,53 %), Lewis (5,26 %) ir Kidd (5.26 %) blood group systems antigens. We examine the persistence of clinically significant red blood cell alloantibodies over a period of 5 years (2000-2006). • After 1 months 30,16 % antibodies become undetectable, after 3 months- 60,32 %, after 5 years– 88,89 %. Red blood cell alloantibodies persistence (in months): anti-E (9,0± 9,61), anti-C (14,50± 18,4), anti-D (5,75± 5,5), anti-Cw (2,63± 1,69), anti-c (3,0± 0,0), anti-e (51,0± 0,0), anti- Lua (1,67± 0,52), anti- Lub (1,0± 0,0), anti-K (44,0± 16,97), anti-Kpa (1,33± 0,58), anti-Jka (3,83± 4,75), anti-Jkb (3,0± 0,0), anti-Lea (1,0± 0,0), anti-Leb (1,0± 0,0), anti-Fya (1,0± 0,0), anti-S (54,0± 0,0). CONCLUSIONS: • The overall immunization rate in patients was 14, 77 % against Rh (68,42 %), Lutheran (15,79 %), Kell (10,53 %), Lewis (5,26 %) ir Kidd (5.26 %) blood group systems antigens. • The most frequent detected antibodies were anti-E (18,52 %), anti-C (13,58 %) in Rh system and anti-K (8,64 %) in Kell system. Less incidence was found in MNS (7, 4 %), Lutheran, Kidd and Duffy (6,17 %), Lewis (4,9 %) blood group systems. • The persistence of clinically significant antibodies varies among people and among antibodies. Antibodies against red cell antigens: Leą, Leb (Lewis), Fya (Duffy), Lua, Lub (Lutheran), Jka, Jkb (Kidd) Cweak (Rh) are detectable for shortest time. For a longer time the antibodies: anti-K (Kell), anti- S (MNS), anti-e, anti-C, anti-E, anti-D(Rh) are detectable. |
