| Abstract [eng] |
Seasonal dynamics of monoterpenes extracted from plants might reflect plant defence strategy to phytophagus. Genus Pinus being one of the mostly spread plant group in the world is used in this research, specifically four species (P.sylvestris, P.nigra, P.strobus, P.banks) which were compared by higher preference of phytophagus Diprion pini (P.sylvestris, P.nigra) and lower one (P.strobus, P.banks). 15 monoterpenes were identified: tricyclene, a-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, sabinene, δ-3-carene, a-phellandrene, myrcene, a-terpinolene, limonene, β-phellandrene, γ-terpinolene, ρ-cymene, β-ocimene, terpinolene. Seasonal dynamics for four seasons (samples taken on February, May, July and November) were investigated and confident tendencies were identified for limonene and β-ocimene. In the case of P.sylvestris, P.banks and P.strobus they demonstrate an increase of these volatiles in warm season and a dicrease in cold season. As a species that is not attacked by phytophagus D.pini, P.strobus demonstrated a very high increase of limonene in summer season which can be related to an efficient direct defence mechanisms. Higher amounts of β-ocimene, which is related to indirect defence strategy, is recorded to P.sylvestris and P.nigra trees. As these two species are often attacked by D.pini, these monoterpenes might be related with a more effectiveness of direct defence systems compared to indirect strategies. |
