| Abstract [eng] |
Landscape heritage protection is nature‘s and culture‘s heritage protection which was settled because of interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors in the area. This heritage protection is better than others because it is common integrated, when not a separate monument is protected, but all landscape. This type of heritage protection leads to a better security that valuable culture and nature heritage will be saved for nowadays and future generations. The topic of this paper was chosen to see if this kind of heritage protection exists in Lithuania and how it is performed in practice. In addition to this, to see what place landscape heritage protection takes in system of protected areas formed on scientific bases. One of the aims of this paper is to compare Lithuanian landscape heritage protection concepts with concepts of USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, Europe and international landscape heritage protection concept. This is very important because this concept in Lithuania was not analyzed before. What is more, it is important to name the localization of landscape heritage protection in the context of common heritage protection and vicissitude of nature and culture factors. Lithuanian landscape heritage protection could be rated as a concept based on ideological level and represented by its creators. That is what separates it from other fields of heritage protection. This conclusion can be made because of analyses made by P. Kavaliauskas is J. Bučas and consistent work developing landscape heritage protection. Its implementation practically evidence in the creation of protected areas. Mostly because of efforts of P. Kavaliauskas, in Lithuania is created a system of protected areas, which is based on scientific grounds. This system foresees all types of protected areas and zones of protection. By this view Lithuanian system of landscape heritage protection is the most scientific in the world. The main lineaments of Lithuanian landscape heritage protection are represented with national and regional parks. It is integrated protected areas where is protected culture and nature heritage and foreseen all functional zones. Exactly this lineament in national and regional parks let not only protect heritage values, but also develop traditional trades, tourism and ensure everyday life. To analyze the work of national and regional parks is also one of the aims of this paper. It is known that greatly stated concept of landscape heritage protection is hardly implemented in practice. It is settled that to achieve the optimal level of landscape heritage protection is hard because of slowly changing heritage protection function to save not element, but complex. The main problems of national and regional parks and heritage protection are incompatibility of the system of protected areas and land reform, negative attitude of society and change of human values, what is more, bad control in construction, uncooperative authority and lack in country’s finances to implement the program of compensation. |
