| Abstract [eng] |
SUMMARY Nataliya Koshkarova “BIRDS COMMUNITIES CONSIDERATION IN FOREST AND TOWNSCAPE AREAS”. Master’s Thesis in Ecology and Environmental / supervisor – Doc.dr. S. Sinkevičius. – Vilnius: Vilnius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology and Environmental, 2010. – 51 p. The main purpose of this master thesis is to compare the bird communities which occur in natural and urban areas of the forest. In order to reach the main purpose those main tasks were raised: to analyze available literature about the peculiarities of changes in bird communities in their natural habitat and in area used by people for agriculture and recreation. In February, March, April and May the research of natural and selected urban territory around the forest has been held. In the natural area of the forest different factors that can influence changes in distribution of birds, their number and diversity were investigated. And in urban area of the forest main focus was how human activities, agriculture and recreation affect bird communities. At the selected territories different types of birds were fixed and analyzed. The methodology of this study was about fixing the maximum number of different species of birds inhabiting in selected areas of the forest. The results were recorded in tables, which were later shown in charts; also the dynamics of the prevalence of different species of birds depending on the time study research was determined. In the outcome of the work it was found out that during the time when the research occurred in the natural area of the forest species composition of birds is much smaller than in the urban area. Total found 44 species of birds, which belong to 7 types (Passeriformes, Piciformes, Falconiformes, long-legged, Galliformes, Cuckooformes and Columbiformes). During the winter in the forest 17 species of birds are dominating, and in the spring – 21 species of birds. On the urban territory in winter 20 species of birds are dominating and in spring – 33 species of birds. Spring is dominated mainly by sedentary species of birds. The main conclusions can be drawn as follows: community of birds in urban area consists of 38 species, and in the forest – of 24 species. The most common species belongs to the order of Passeriformes. The most common species of birds in urban area are: brownie (city) sparrow (Passer domesticus), tree sparrow (Passer montanus), Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella), Starling (Sturnus vulgaris). And in natural area of forest birds such as: Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), Goldcrest (Regulus regulus), willow warbler-rattle (Phylloscopus sibilatrix) and the crested tit (Parus cristatus). |
