| Abstract [eng] |
The aim of the work was to reveal the conception of equal gender opportunities and gender discrimination experience in the field of labour relations in the national economy, to evaluate the possibilities of gender mainstreaming into market economy and national economic policy in Lithuania. The object of the work was equal gender opportunities in Lithuania. The relevance of the work is based on the following assumptions: global prevalence of the analysed phenomenon, its multiple forms of expression and negative social and psychological consequences. The following tasks were set: to analyse gender theories and to structure their approaches; to review strategies of international institutions that encourage gender mainstreaming into social and economic life and national policy; to reveal trends of women’s participation in the labour market; to use statistical data and analyse social and economic aspects of gender equality in Lithuania; to carry out a research of Lithuanian companies in order to evaluate gender distribution in the labour market and to determine problematic spheres and their reasons. Used methodology: analysis of literary resources, analysis of statistical data, comparison and generalisations, SWOT analysis, questionnaire survey, processing of survey results. The following hypothesis was raised in the work: Gender policy is not effective in Lithuania. Hypothesis is tested in accordance to the gender mainstreaming evaluation model created by the author of the work. Theoretical part of the work introduces the main conceptions of gender economy and gender equality, terms and definitions, analyses the influence of stereotypes on the formation of attitude towards gender equality in society. Analytical part of the work analyses social and economic aspects of gender equality in Lithuania, analyses women’s employment possibilities, problems and causes. This part also briefly describes activities of international institutions that encourage gender mainstreaming and provides results of several gender researches carried out in Lithuania and foreign countries, as well as carries out an analysis of the activity of the Office of Equal Opportunities Ombudsman and SWOT analysis of gender policy in Lithuania. The third part of the work carries out a questionnaire survey in order to evaluate the situation of gender equality in the labour market. Respondents’ answers recorded during this survey enabled to receive comprehensive information about women’s and men’s distribution in relation to their occupational place, position, received salary, possibilities and obstacles to develop career, and labour and family coordination problems in Lithuania. |
