| Abstract [eng] |
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing rapidly worldwide and has reached pandemic proportions in recent years. The World Health Organization has recognized DM as one of the leading causes of disability and death, listing it among the priority non-communicable diseases The aim is to reduce the incidence of DM and DM complications through science-based recommendations. However, DM is a highly heterogeneous and complex disease, and the pathogenesis of DM and its complications is still not fully understood. There is insufficient or contradictory data regarding the impact of oxidative stress on DNA damage, epigenetic changes, the development patterns of diabetic complications, and the differences between DM types. The treatment of microvascular diabetic complications, especially diabetic polyneuropathy, is also poorly effective. In this research, DM patients were examined for diabetic neuropathy using various instrumental methods and those methods were compared with each other and between type 1 and type 2 DM. Cytogenetic (chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, micronuclei) and epigenetic (microRNA) analyses, oxidative blood plasma markers were analyzed in DM patients and the control group, and obtained results were linked to clinical data. The effect of alpha-lipoic acid (an antioxidant used in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy) on cytogenetic and oxidative markers was also evaluated in patients with diabetes. |
