| Abstract [eng] |
Background. Fibroadenoma is a very common benign tumor in young women. Surgery is the standard treatment for fibroadenomas. However, cosmetic changes after breast surgery cause psychological problems that impair patients' quality of life. For these reasons, nowadays it is very important to individualize the treatment of fibroadenomas using nonsurgical treatment methods. Aim: to review feasible treatment methods for fibroadenoma and indications, with a focus on recent advancements. Methods. A literature review was conducted in the PubMed database, using the keywords. "fibroadenoma", "fibroadenoma treatment", "fibroadenoma advancements", and "fibroadenoma treatment management". The date was from 2014 to 2024, and the study was limited to English-language publications (n = 47). Results. Fibroadenomas, often managed with traditional surgical excision (500,000 surgeries/year worldwide), can also be observed due to their low malignancy risk (0.002 - 0.0125 %). Observation is suitable for non-growing, asymptomatic lumps, especially in patients under 35. Minimally invasive methods offer aesthetic and recovery advantages over surgery, but surgical excision remains common for larger or symptomatic fibroadenomas. Pharmacological treatments like Metformin show potential, but others, like Ormeloxifene, are less effective and have significant side effects. Conclusions. The treatment of fibroadenomas depends on the size, symptoms, and patient preference. Small, nongrowing fibroadenomas usually require regular checkups, while larger, symptomatic, or growing tumors may need surgical resection or minimally invasive procedures. Minimally invasive approaches offer advantages in recovery, cosmetic outcome, and safety, and can save time, help avoid scars, and reduce surgical costs. |
