| Abstract [eng] |
Introduction. Propranolol, a non-selective beta-blocker widely used for the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases. However, its abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal syndrome.This syndrome manifests as increased adrenergic sensitivity, potentially resulting in tachycardia, blood pressure fluctuations, angina, myocardial infarction, and other serious complications. Due to these risks, the discontinuation of propranolol requires a well-planned tapering strategy. Objective: to review the mechanisms, clinical consequences, and prevention strategies of propranolol withdrawal syndrome based on previous studies and clinical observations. Additionally, this review aims to provide practical recommendations for propranolol dose reduction strategies to minimize withdrawal symptoms and highlight the clinical significance of this issue. Methods. A literature review was conducted using the Medline (PubMed) database. The search included keywords in English: propranolol, beta-blockers, withdrawal syndrome, abstinence, prevention, mechanism, and their combinations. Studies published in English between 1979 and 2024 were included in the analysis. In total, 17 scientific articles were selected for review. Results. The literature review indicates that propranolol withdrawal symptoms can be significantly reduced by gradual dose tapering or transitioning to longer-acting beta-blockers. Studies emphasize that abrupt discontinuation of propranolol increases the risk of acute cardiovascular complications, particularly in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions. After discussing propranolol withdrawal syndrome, it can be concluded that abrupt discontinuation may trigger a dangerous adrenergic response. Therefore, a gradual dose reduction or transition to an alternative medication is recommended. Given its widespread use, propranolol withdrawal should be carefully managed under medical supervision. |
