| Abstract [eng] |
The Prevalence of the Visual Impairment and it‘s Risk Factors Among the 5-12th Grade Schoolchildren of the Ignalina Municipalicy Purpose. To evaluate the visual disturbances and their prevalence of the risk factors among 5-12 grade students in Ignalinos district. Tasks: 1) To evaluate the prevalence of the visual disturbance according to the interviewees’ health state, gender, age and class. 2) To determine the prevalence of the risk factors among 5-12 grade students. 3) To identify the causes of the visual disturbances among 5-12 grade students. 4) To assess knowledge about the visual disturbances and the need of such knowledge. Methods: The survey of the students was done from September to October in 2016. It was used an anonymous questionnaire in the Lithuanian language. The participants were 5-12 grade students from Ignalinos district. It was done the statistical analysis and the descriptive analysis. To evaluate the statistical significance assessment it was used Pearson chi2 test, and then it was expected values were less than 5 - Fisher's exact method. It was calculated the punctate distribution estimate and 95 percent of confidence intervals. It was chosen a statistical significance level α = 0.05. The statistical significance data was p <0.05. Certainly, to assess the risk factors of the visual disturbances it was done a logistic regression. The main analysis of the statistical data was done using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 and WinPepi, to illustrate the data, i.e. to draw tables, it was used Microsoft Exel 2010. Results and conclusions: About one-third of the students have visual disturbances (29.96 per cent). However, the older students are the more visual disturbances they have. Most of the students are determined myopia and it makes 64.1 per cent. The majority of the students with myopia are set a low degree of myopia (51.7 per cent) or to 3 diopters. According to the visual character, mostly students have acquired visual disturbance (40.9 per cent). Furthermore, in many cases when parents have vision problems, their children have visual disturbances as well (64.6 per cent). According to the students’ opinion, the most common vision risk factors are such as too long to work with a computer, long hours to the TV, bad workplace lighting. It was determined the following risk factors with the help of the logistic regression: time, which was spent to the TV, was determined with the help of the logistic regression (ŠSp = 1,32; 95 per cent. PI [1,32-1,56]). The students’ knowledge about the causes of eye disease improves with their age. About half of the students think that they know what to do if they want to avoid the disease of the eyes (48.6 per cent). Key words: visual disturbance, time to TV, time to the computer, risk factors. |
