| Abstract [eng] |
The aim of this research is to compare the effectiveness of two methods of assessment of clinical improvisations by healthy and depressed participants in order to reveal the effects of depression on musical expression. Tasks of work: 1. Review the features of depression. 2. Review the effectiveness of music therapy in the treatment of depression. 3. Find out the differences among the clinical improvisations musical features by depressed and healthy groups. 4. Compare assessment methods of clinical improvisations. Methods: 20 depression patients and control group of 20 healthy participants (matched in terms of age and sex) without professional training in music, performed two improvisations on a MIDI keyboard, completed Beck’s depression inventory and Hospital anxiety and depression scale. Data was collected using Max 7 patch. The research is completed in three stages: review of depression; the review of music therapy possibilities in depression treatment; empirical study. MIDI clinical improvisations’ statistical analysis and IAP (Bruscia) assessment analysis are used then subsequently analysed with SPSS Statistics 24. Results: Empirical study showed, that the pitch of notes in improvisations by depression patients group (59.45 (8.51)) are significantly lower than the control group (63.67 (3.14)), t=-2.007, p=0.045. Other MIDI musical parameters by depression patients group are tendentious lower than the control group. The rhythmical-figures in salience profile in improvisations by depression patients group (3.95 (2.64)) are significantly more conform than controls (5.68 (2.30)). Other IAP profiles didn’t show differences. Conclusions: 1. Depression could affect all areas of life. New research carried out in order to understand the features of depression. 2. Music therapy is an effective intervention for the treatment of depression but there is a lack of deeper understanding how it works. 3. The pitch of notes in improvisations by depression patients group are significantly lower than the controls. Other musical parameters by depression patients group – the amount of notes, velocity of notes, duration of notes, are tendentious lower than the controls. 4. The rhythmical-figures in salience profile in improvisations by depression patients group are significantly more conform than controls. 5. MIDI analysis showed objective side, it was more informative, IAP analysis showed the side, that is more used in clinical settings. 6. MIDI analysis was completed fast and clear, IAP analysis was completed thoroughly, deep and it took a lot of time. |
