| Abstract [eng] |
Health and medical services are one of the most important public issues. This topic importance is not decreased in the contemporary information period. In generally health protection term is perceived quite narrowly - as treatment of people, preventive health care with biomedical and social method researches. However, medical geography as an interdisciplinary science is increasingly less associated only with optimization of the provision of health services or dichotomy between the health service and ecology of the disease (etiology). The main purpose of the article was to evaluate the spatial statistics and cartographic analysis methods for the medical geographic studies, analysis data of morbidity in diabetes as an example. The paper used publicly available data of diabetes morbidity, which is provided at the municipal level of Lithuanian in Indicators Information System of Health (SRS). The preparation of the master's work was aimed at different aspects (starting with the historical assumptions and ending with the current disease epidemiology features dispersion analysis) based on Lithuanian morbidity in diabetes research direction of existence, so largest part of analyze data are literary sources and their analysis - the basis of the work on which are all of its structure. At the beginning of the study was the analysis of the world's medical geography, morbidity of diabetes exploration methods and research examples, evaluated the situation in Lithuania. The theoretical part of the paper reviews the concept of medical geography, so scientific analysis of the literature was performed in two sections: familiarized with diabetes etiology and epidemiology, as a complex phenomenon situation and familiarized with spatial statistical methods of application possibilities of medical geography. The analysis of Lithuanian municipal spatial autocorrelation of morbidity in diabetes as an example: estimated Moran I index value, used local indicators of spatial association (LISA), hot spot analyzes isolation of assessing – local Getis (G*) cluster index value. An autocorrelation test, based on statistical data does not fully reflect the true incidence of diabetes a condition or causality. However, the analysis made by the Institute of Hygiene register data represents a spatial image in the country: stand out morbidity in diabetes change of the territorial structure - the South-east and North-west Lithuania. For these structures displaying data was chosen ring maps as one of the best cartographic tools for correctly presentation diabetes prevalence in Lithuania. The results are important for the planning of diabetes maintenance costs and providing economic investment needs in the treatment of complications. Regardless of changes in the prevalence of diabetes in area, lost potential contribution to the national economy due to premature death of diabetic patients. |
