Prospective case–control study of determinants for African swine fever introduction in commercial pig farms in Poland, Romania, and Lithuania /

S Dhollander; E Cattaneo; J Cortiñas Abrahantes; A. E Boklund; A Szczotka-Bochniarz; A.D Mihalca; A Papanikolaou; L Mur; O.M Balmoș; M Frant; A Gal-Cisoń; M Kwasnik; W Rozek; Alvydas Malakauskas; Marius Masiulis; Jurga Turčinavičienė; A Rusinà; R Aminalragia-Giamini; T Chesnoiu; K Jazdzewski; J Rola; F Barbuceanu; J.A Stegeman

doi:10.1155/tbed/5419764

Title	Prospective case–control study of determinants for African swine fever introduction in commercial pig farms in Poland, Romania, and Lithuania /
Authors	Dhollander, S ; Cattaneo, E ; Cortiñas Abrahantes, J ; Boklund, A. E ; Szczotka-Bochniarz, A ; Mihalca, A.D ; Papanikolaou, A ; Mur, L ; Balmoș, O.M ; Frant, M ; Gal-Cisoń, A ; Kwasnik, M ; Rozek, W ; Malakauskas, Alvydas ; Masiulis, Marius ; Turčinavičienė, Jurga ; Rusinà, A ; Aminalragia-Giamini, R ; Chesnoiu, T ; Jazdzewski, K ; Rola, J ; Barbuceanu, F ; Stegeman, J.A
DOI	10.1155/tbed/5419764
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Is Part of	Transboundary and emerging diseases.. Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons Ltd.. 2025, vol. 2025, iss. 1, art. no. 419764, p. [1-16].. ISSN 1865-1674. eISSN 1865-1682
Keywords [eng]	African Swine Fever ; Poland ; Romania ; Lithuania
Abstract [eng]	To investigate potential husbandry-related risk factors for African swine fever (ASF) incursion on commercial pig farms inLithuania, Poland, and Romania, a prospective, matched case–control design was carried out from August 2021 to September2023. For each participating commercial pig farm where an ASF outbreak occurred, two control farms were randomly selected andmatched by herd size and county. On both case and control farms, questionnaires related to farm management and biosecuritymeasures were carried out, and stable ﬂies (Stomoxys calcitrans) and biting midges (Culicoides spp.) were collected to identify apossible association between the number of ASF virus (ASFV)- or ASFV DNA-positive vectors and presence of ASF on the farms.After testing for potential multicollinearity, a conditional logistic regression model was performed on one complete and threeimputed datasets. To evaluate the best-ﬁt model, the Akaike information criterion (AIC) method was used. This study generatedmore knowledge on risk and protective factors for ASF introduction on commercial pig farms related to (1) farm location(risk: closer distance to ASF outbreaks); (2) the wild boar (WB)–pig interface (risk: attractive crops for WB cultivated near thefarms); (3) biosecurity (protective: carcasses collection by the rendering company without entering the holding and closedcontainers for carcass disposal, risk: sharing machinery with other farms or organizing unusual events on the farm); (4) insect-mediated mechanic transmission (protective: placement of insect screens on all doors and windows and risk: the number of bitingWileyTransboundary and Emerging DiseasesVolume 2025, Article ID 5419764, 16 pageshttps://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/5419764midges collected on the farm). Manure from other holdings applied on the soil near the farm was in two of four models foundsigniﬁcant and could be related to possible mechanical transmission by stable ﬂies or to an increased infection pressure. Some ofthe identiﬁed husbandry-related risks and protective factors can have a direct practical value for the farmers.
Published	Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Type	Journal article
Language	English
Publication date	2025
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„Prospective case–control study of determinants for African swine fever introduction in commercial pig farms in Poland, Romania, and Lithuania /“