| Abstract [eng] |
Objective and tasks: To analyse the role of sleep disorders in the pathogenesis of depression and their treatment options, based on the latest research and literature. Discuss the basic sleep processes and their physiological aspects, and examine changes in sleep phases and their relationship to depression. It also aims to assess the relationship between insomnia and depression, to analyse pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to the treatment of depression with sleep disorders and to identify how improving sleep quality can contribute to the outcome of depression. Methodology: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and other databases to select scientific articles relevant to the topic, providing information on the relationship between sleep and depression. Articles in English were selected, covering studies on sleep structure, insomnia, changes in sleep phases, and their association with depression. The main keywords used were: "depression," "insomnia," "sleep disturbances," "pharmacological treatment," "cognitive behavioral therapy." Results:The literature review included 110 sources that examined the relationship between sleep disturbances, such as insomnia, and depression. The selected studies discussed how changes in sleep structure, reduced slow-wave sleep, and increased REM sleep periods contribute to the severity of depressive symptoms. It was found that both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, such as sedative antidepressants and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia , are effective in managing both sleep disturbances and depression symptoms. Conclusions: The literature review revealed that sleep disturbances, particularly insomnia, not only increase the risk of developing depression but also influence the severity of its symptoms and treatment effectiveness. Pharmacological treatment can significantly improve both sleep and depression symptoms, but attention should be paid to potential side effects on sleep quality. Nonpharmacological approaches, such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, are essential for achieving long-term results in treating depression with sleep disturbances. Proper sleep hygiene and routine are also crucial factors in improving depression treatment outcomes. Keywords: depression, insomnia, sleep disturbances, pharmacological treatment, cognitive behavioral therapy, sleep hygiene. |
