| Abstract [eng] |
The thesis Legal Frameworks and Enforcement of Forced Transfer and Deportation of Civilians in International Law focuses on the transfer and deportation of civilians from one country to another without following the IHL and ICL doctrines. It analyses the merits and demerits of various international criminal law frameworks, including the Hague Convention, Geneva Conventions, and Rome Statute, where these acts are categorized. Convincing evidence points to various problems in enforcing policies regulating the transfer and deportation of civilians, such as legal jurisdiction, concerns about admissible evidence, and political interference that always prevents the offenders from being brought to book. ICTY, ICTR, and ICC case law are examined, and events such as forced displacement in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda are used again to demonstrate complexities in holding actors responsible. The thesis analyses deficiencies in international humanitarian, refugee, and human rights law, specifically its failure to protect victims and protection for children and minorities adequately. The conclusion highlights that a single approach cannot solve forced displacement. The main issues should be elaborated for enforcement mechanisms, international cooperation, and the protection of victims. It mandates scientists and activists to work incessantly towards constructing more efficient civilian protection and accountability frameworks internationally. |
