| Keywords [eng] |
Refractive surgery, refractive errors, Small Incision Lenticular Extraction, Laser assisted in situ keratomileusis, Photoretractive keratotomy, Laser subepithelial kertomileusis, Keratorefractive Lenticular Extraction, Smartsight, Corneal Lenticule Extraction for Advanced Refractive Correction, Topography-guided LASIK, Wavefront-guided LASIK, OCT, laser vision correction, literature review, meta-analysis, myopia, astigmatism. |
| Abstract [eng] |
Theme: Innovations in refractive surgery. Refractive abnormalities of vision: myopia, hypertropia and astigmatism remain one of the most significant problems in ophthalmological field, directly affecting the quality of life and working capacity of patients. With rapid technological progress and increasing incidence of refractive abnormalities, there is an objective need to improve not only surgical treatment methods but also diagnostic systems, forecasting and individual planning of surgical interventions. The aim of the study: To analyse modern innovative technologies in the field of refractive surgery, compare approaches, assess their clinical effectiveness, safety and potential integration with digital systems and artificial intelligence, evaluate the improvement of the quality of diagnosis of refractive errors in the eye based on modern algorithms for visualization and data processing. Research objectives: 1.Research and comparison of innovative technologies in refractive surgery, with particular consideration of functional characteristics and clinical applications of new-generation high-precision laser systems. 2.Consider the development of modern surgical correction methods for laser vision correction: LASIK, SMILE, SmartSight, SILK, and CLEAR and compare their effectiveness, safety, and biomechanical influence on the cornea. 3.Analysis of individualised approaches to laser vision correction: wavefront-guided and topography-guided LASIK for the correction of both lower- and higher-order aberrations. 4.Exploration of using artificial intelligence and mechanical technologies in ophthalmological field 5.Analysis of future directions in the advancement of high-precision, minimally invasive ophthalmic surgical techniques. Methodology: A systematic review of the current scientific literature, analysis of the latest meta-studies results, clinical trials and evaluation of diagnostic platforms using corneal topography, wave front and OCT were used. Software solutions with AI support and machine learning were considered. Results: The latest ophthalmo-surgical techniques, including CLEAR, SMILE, SmartSight, SILK and LASIK-controlled technologies provide a high level of clinical efficacy, stable and predictable postoperative outcomes and reduced rehabilitation period as well as damage of the cornea. The use of AI and digital platforms allows to achieve significantly higher accuracy in the diagnosis of refractive disorders, customize surgical interventions and improve functional outcomes predictably. Conclusion: 1.Innovations in field of ophthalmic surgery confirms plays a central role in correction of refractive impairments through the introduction of next-generation, high-precision laser systems such as femtosecond and microkeratome technologies. 2. Evolution of surgical methods of refractive surgery, including LASIK, SMILE, SmartSight, SILK, and CLEAR demonstrates a clear tendency toward minimally invasive interventions and personalised plan of approach that enhance surgical accuracy, preserve corneal biomechanics, reduce complications, and expedite postoperative recovery. 3. Development and application of methods for customised corneal ablation profiles creation. such as wavefront-guided and topography-guided LASIK, upgrade the process of the correction of both higher- and lower-order visual aberrations, significantly improving the quality and predictability of visual outcomes. 4. Integration of artificial intelligence into laser vision correction dramatically enhances precision of the individualized ablation profiles, provides accurate real-time intraoperative guideline, as a result establishes a greater standard of precision and safety. 5. Innovations in refractive surgery not only contribute to improving the quality of medical ophthalmological care but also shape the strategic direction of high-tech medicine development with a wider range of applications and a more personalized approach to treatment. |
