| Abstract [eng] |
Introduction. Perioperative hypothermia is a common but often underestimated clinical issue that can lead to serious complications in patients undergoing surgical procedures. This condition typically arises due to anaesthesia-induced thermoregulatory suppression, peripheral vasodilation, exposure to a cold environment, and the use of intravenous fluids. Despite existing guidelines, temperature management during the perioperative period remains insufficient in many healthcare settings. Aim. The aim of the study is to evaluate main factors influencing body temperature changes during surgical intervention and to analyze the prevention and management strategies of perioperative hypothermia. Methods. A review of scientific literature was conducted, covering clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published in English between 2019 and 2025. The analysis included studies evaluating the effects of anaesthetics on thermoregulation, various warming methods, and their effectiveness at different stages of surgical treatment. Data were assessed qualitatively, with attention to study design, reliability, and clinical applicability. Results. Most anaesthetics were found to promote heat loss and suppress thermoregulatory mechanisms—particularly propofol, inhalation anaesthetics, and opioids. Preoperative and intraoperative warming, including forced-air systems and warmed intravenous fluids, significantly reduced the incidence of hypothermia and postoperative shivering. Combined warming strategies and specific anaesthetic choices, such as remimazolam or regional anaesthesia, demonstrated advantages in maintaining normothermia. Conclusions. Perioperative temperature control should be a priority in anaesthesia care. Appropriate anaesthetic selection, active warming measures, and continuous temperature monitoring are essential to reduce the incidence of hypothermia and related complications. Future efforts should focus on expanding knowledge of optimal prevention strategies and promoting their implementation in clinical practice. |
