| Abstract [eng] |
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, characterised by a variety of neurological symptoms. Although the disease most commonly begins in adulthood, approximately 3–10% of cases first present during childhood or adolescence. This study presents three paediatric MS cases — two 16-year-old boys and one 14-year-old girl — in order to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment approaches. The analysis of the cases confirm that paediatric MS most frequently follows a relapsing-remitting course and is associated with more frequent and more severe relapses compared to adult-onset MS. The described clinical cases reflect patterns commonly found in the literature: early treatment in patient A led to effective disease control with no further relapses, whereas patient B, who initially received low-efficacy treatment approach, experienced frequent relapses requiring escalation to high-efficacy therapies. Patient C experienced a relapse only after several years, but activity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated the need for treatment escalation. These cases support the recommendation for the early initiation of high-efficacy therapies in paediatric MS patients to improve disease control and long-term outcomes. |
