| Abstract [eng] |
Relevance of the Study. The incidence rate of local recurrence and complications after liver tumor ablations at the Department of Interventional Radiology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, has not been assessed. The types of tumors ablation was applied has not been analyzed. Aim. To evaluate the types of tumors treated with ablation at the Department of Interventional Radiology of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, and to determine the incidence of local recurrence and procedure-related complications following liver tumor ablations. Objectives. 1. To analyze the types of liver tumors, different characteristics of lesions. 2. To determine the overall frequency of local recurrence and identify the types of tumors which recurred locally. 3. To identify complications. Methods. This retrospective analysis included ablations of liver tumors performed between 2015 and 2021 at the Department of Interventional Radiology of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics. The local recurrence rate was calculated for lesions with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months and the follow-up was carried out using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Results. Liver tumor ablations were performed for only one type of primary tumors – hepatocellular carcinoma. Among secondary tumors, ablations were performed for metastases of colorectal cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, small intestine, cervical cancer, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, serous ovarian carcinoma, and ductal breast carcinoma. The majority of ablations (82.3% of lesions) were performed for hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer metastases. The mean lesion size was 15.0 mm (±7.99), with all tumors being up to 40 mm in size. 76.1% of tumors were ≤20 mm. The maximum size of hepatocellular carcinoma was 30 mm. 77% of ablation sessions were conducted when one or two lesions were present. Ablation of metastasis was performed in cases of oligometastatic disease. The maximum number of lesions ablated in a single session (colorectal cancer metastases) was 7, all ranging in size between 5 to 8 mm. Local recurrence was observed in 31 tumors (19.3%), including both primary and secondary lesions. Serious complications occurred in 4 sessions (4.0%), affecting 3 patients (4.8%). One complication was vascular, while the others were infectious. Conclusions. Local tumor treatment with microwave and radiofrequency ablation was applied for hepatocellular carcinoma and secondary liver metastases originating from various primary sites. Ablations were primarily performed on small-sized tumors, most often when one or two hepatic lesions were present. The local recurrence rate reached approximately one-fifth of all ablated lesions, affecting both primary and metastatic tumors. Liver tumor ablation proved to be a safe procedure, with a low incidence rate of complications. The observed complications were infectious or vascular. Keywords: Microwave ablation; radiofrequency ablation; primary liver tumors; secondary liver tumors. |
