| Abstract [eng] |
The aim of this study was to explore the adaptive behavior of severely visually impaired individuals living in Lithuania, as well as the factors influencing this behavior. The research analyzed opportunities for social integration within Lithuania's historical context and identified elements that can either enhance or hinder social inclusion for those with severe visual impairments. A qualitative methodology was employed, focusing on the roles of internal (family) and external (teachers, peers, institutions, authorities, media) adaptors to examine the patterns of socially adaptive behavior (Riesman, Glazer & Denney, 1989). Qualitative empirical research was conducted using a realist approach (Miller, 1999; Rosenthal, 2018) by collecting and analysing life stories of visually impaired people. The study involved twelve interviews with participants who had various visual impairments: eight were blind, three were partially sighted, and one was deaf-blind, all hailing from different cities across Lithuania. The findings underscored the pivotal role of family as an internal adaptor in shaping life choices. The attitude of family members toward disability and the support they provide play a significant role in determining a person's independence and social integration. Conversely, excessive care or pity can foster dependency on caregivers and limit involvement in the blind community. Since Lithuania's independence, advancements in the education system and labor market have broadened prospects for social integration. Nevertheless, the presence of social barriers and stigmas continues to restrict the adaptive behaviors of visually impaired individuals due to external influences. Ultimately, successful adaptation hinges on social support and positive attitudes toward disability, facilitating the pursuit of a meaningful life within society. |
