| Abstract [eng] |
Arterial hypertension is one of the most common health problems, associated with poor sleep quality and emotional state. Poor sleep quality increases the risk of arterial hypertension. Symptoms of anxiety and depression often hinder the control of arterial hypertension. These factors frequently interact with each other, amplifying their individual effects. While research on this topic is increasing abroad, there is still a lack of such studies in Lithuania. The collected data may contribute to improving treatment and prevention strategies. Objective: To assess the sleep quality and emotional state of individuals with arterial hypertension. Research tasks: 1. To evaluate the sleep quality of individuals with arterial hypertension. 2.To assess the emotional state of individuals with arterial hypertension. 3. To determine the relationship between sleep quality and emotional state in individuals with arterial hypertension. Methods: A scientific literature analysis and a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study were conducted. The instrument used was a questionnaire consisting of: the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and questions about respondents’ sociodemographic data. The data analysis was performed using “SPSS Windows 30.0.0.0” and Excel 2016. A total of 389 questionnaires were considered suitable for analysis. The study was conducted in the cardiology department of one of the hospitals in Vilnius. Results: Poor sleep quality was found in 58,35 percent. of participants. Minimal (38,30 percent) and mild (37,02 percent) symptoms of anxiety were most common. Participants younger than 54 years more frequently experienced minimal anxiety symptoms (45,00 percent), while those older than 65 years more often had mild symptoms (42,77 percent). Mildly expressed (38,82 percent) and minimal (37,02 percent) symptoms of depression were identified. Among those diagnosed with hypertension for less than 9 years, minimal depression symptoms were more frequent (43,13 percent), whereas among those diagnosed more than 20 years ago, mildly expressed symptoms dominated (32.98 percent). Sleep quality was significantly associated with depression (r=0,624, p<0.001), anxiety (r=0,428, p<0,001), and the duration of hypertension (r=0,343, p<0,001). In cases of moderate or severe anxiety, the risk of poor sleep quality increased 2,64 times (95 proc. CI: 1,32–5,28), and in cases of moderate or severe depression – 17.08 times (95 proc. CI: 7,62–38,27). Each additional year of hypertension increased the risk of poor sleep quality by 1.08 times (95 proc. CI: 1,04–1,11). Conclusion:1. Poor sleep quality was found in more than half of individuals with arterial hypertension. 2. About one-third had minimal or mild symptoms of anxiety, and depression symptoms were most often mildly expressed or minimal. 3. Sleep quality was significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and the duration of hypertension. In cases of moderate or severe anxiety, the risk of poor sleep increased 2,64 times, and with moderate or severe depression – 17,08 times. Each year of hypertension increases the risk of poor sleep quality by 1,08 times. |
