| Abstract [eng] |
In this study the origin of the wild allopolyploid Festuca gigantea genome and relations with root endophytes are being examined. The phylogenetic origin study used the root cytological preparations of F. gigantea, diploid Lolium and Festuca species and L. perenne × F. gigantea hybrids. The FISH/GISH method enabled us to determine that two-thirds of the F. gigantea genome consists of Lolium spp. and F. pratensis chromosomes, as well as the chromosomal rearrangements of the L. perenne × F. gigantea hybrids: dispersive expansion of the Fesreba sequence across the L. perenne chromosomes and the presence of interstitial telomeric sequences. Endophyte isolation from root tissue was used to determine the root endophytic fungi and bacteria diversity and the distribution of F. gigantea and related to Lolium and Festuca species and their hybrids. In total, 21 fungal species (60 isolates) and 26 bacterial species (59 isolates) were isolated. The most common endophytes were Microdochium bolleyi and Bacillus sp. The greatest diversity of endophytic fungi was distinguished F. gigantea (6 species) and bacteria – F. arundinacea (9 species). The annual L. multiflorum and L. temulentum exhibited a significantly higher abundance of endophytes than the related perennial species. The two Basidiomycota species – Coprinellus disseminatus and Sistotrema brinkmannii – were exclusively found in the roots of F. gigantea. L. multiflorum seeds inoculation with endophytic fungi spores suspension, Cadophora fastigiata, Paraphoma fimeti and Plectosphaerella cucumerina, the experiment determined growth-promoting effect on plants. The obtained results complement knowledge about genome formation of allopolyploid species and about endophytic fungi as a plant growth biostimulator. |
