| Abstract [eng] |
The main purpose of this master thesis is to evaluate the relationship between the women in management and women in informal markets after gender-quota policies have been accepted by the government. The work has three main parts: literature analysis, methodology and empirical results. The literature analysis reviews gender equality related topics such as feminism, human capital theories, phenomena of glass ceiling and glass cliff, informal markets definition complexity and lastly, the relationship between women in management and women in informal markets. As the prior research has been identified to be lacking updated data and comprehensive analysis of the gender-quota policy effect on informal markets, the author is determined to fill in the empirical gap. Further, the author has listed the methodological approach used in the study. The methods used include descriptive statistics, OLS regression model with and without fixed effects, and Difference-in-Differences estimators evaluating the treatment effect of gender quotas policy introduction. OLS regression model has suggested negative relationship between women in management and women in informal markets which disappeared once proper controls and fixed effects were introduced. However, while OLS capture the relationship between women’s participation in informal markets and participation in management, it does not capture the treatment effect of gender-quota policies on informal market participation of women. Thus, staggered DiD estimators were used by the author. The results indicated that there were no significant results indicating that the gender-quota policy introduction had a significant effect on women in informal markets. Lastly, after summarising the main concepts from the literature review and the results of the performed research, the author believes that policymakers should adopt broader and more comprehensive policy measures when addressing informal labor markets of women, rather than relying solely on gender quota regulations. In addition, it is suggested that the research would be updated with more post-treatment data once it is available for more reliable results. |
