| Abstract [eng] |
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) opens up new opportunities for exploring archaeological heritage. A more detailed analysis of the application of the LiDAR data in archeology can help to reveal more informative methods to visualize archaeological objects. Thus, the main objective of this work is to analyze LiDAR data processing methods for the identification of archaeological objects and to prepare recommendations. The theoretical part reviews the use of LiDAR application in archeology and most commonly used LiDAR data visualization methods. Practical part analyzes the traditional Hillshading, Swiss hillshading, Multidirectional oblique weighting (MDOW) and Local Relief Modeling (LRM) in order to assess the possibilities of identifying the historical state border of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania established after The Treaty of Melno in 1422 and to determine the informativeness of visualization methods. The research showed that the informativeness of visualization methods varies. This is influenced by the size of the archaeological object, its shape and the shape of the surrounding relief. Some methods are more suitable on a flat surface and better emphasize small objects (LRM); other methods are not suitable for either flat surfaces or small objects, but reveal well large archaeological objects in hilly areas (MDOW). The Swiss hillshading is a good method to reveal one-form (linear) archaeological objects, but visualizing objects of other shapes reduces the informativeness of this method. Traditional Hillshading is one of the most trusted methods, but if the illumination is not chosen properly, its informativeness also decreases. Each landscape and archaeological site have unique characteristics, so there is no single visualization method suitable for all cases. Therefore, depending on the scope and purpose of the research, it is advisable to apply at least two different methods of LiDAR data visualisation for more informative disclosure of archaeological objects. |
