| Title |
Luminescent YAG:Ce3+3D micro-structures via multi-photon laser lithography |
| Authors |
Virkėtis, Robertas ; Merkininkaitė, Greta ; Harnik, Artūr ; Ūsaitė, Ugnė ; Dapšys, Dominykas ; Susarrey-Arce, Arturo ; Šakirzanovas, Simas ; Malinauskas, Mangirdas |
| DOI |
10.29026/oea.2026.250338 |
| Full Text |
|
| Is Part of |
Opto-electronic advances.. Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 2026, vol. 9, iss. 8, art. no. 250338, p. 1-14.. ISSN 2096-4579. eISSN 2097-3993 |
| Keywords [eng] |
non-linear optics ; laser lithography ; multiphoton 3D polymerization ; nanostructuring ; active materials ; luminescence ; integrated photonics ; ceramics ; durability ; material engineering |
| Abstract [eng] |
This work addresses the challenge of fabricating crystalline single-phase luminescent 3D microstructures by demonstrating a fabrication process of yttrium aluminum garnet doped with cerium (YAG:Ce3+) 3D micro-objects. Precursors were synthesized via a sol-gel method and characterized by refractive index (RI) measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis to verify chemical composition changes during photopolymerization and thermal treatment. Multiphoton laser 3D lithography (MP3DL) was employed to produce hybrid metal-organic 3D structures, which were subsequently converted into crystalline ceramics through controlled 3-step annealing. Structural analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of single-phase cubic YAG across Ce3+ concentrations up to 5 mol-% in 3D objects, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed isotropic shrinkage (ca. 39%) and well-preserved geometries with sub-micrometer features after pyrolysis. The smallest feature of a crystalline 3D object achieved was 0.48 mu m with a spatial resolution down to 2.4 mu m. Luminescence measurements showed characteristic Ce3+emission centered at 558 nm, with maximum intensity at 2 mol% doping. These findings establish a reliable pathway to fabricate thermally stable, high-resolution, luminescent single-phase YAG:Ce3+ 3D micro-objects, enabling their integration into optoelectronic and photonic applications. |
| Published |
Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| Type |
Journal article |
| Language |
English |
| Publication date |
2026 |
| CC license |
|
