| Abstract [eng] |
Relevance of problem and aim of the study: Tooth loss caused by advanced periodontitis or dental caries remains a significant public health issue worldwide. Dental implants are considered one of the most reliable methods for restoring missing teeth, ensuring long – term functional and aesthetic outcomes. However, implant success depends not only on osseointegration but also on the long – term stability of peri – implant tissues, particularly the preservation of marginal alveolar bone and soft tissue health. Long – term studies evaluating peri – implant tissue health after 5 years remain limited. Aim: To compare changes in marginal alveolar bone and peri-implant soft tissues 5 years after final restoration delivery between two implant groups: a control group (K), in which four abutment disconnections were performed, and a test group (T), in which a tissue-level abutment was placed immediately. Patient satisfaction with treatment was also evaluated. Methods: The study included patients who had previously participated in the original study (n = 50). At baseline, all participants were over 18 years old, had healthy soft tissues, sufficient bone volume, and had not undergone bone augmentation before or during implant placement. At the 5-year follow-up, periapical radiographs were taken and clinical parameters were evaluated, including plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), width of keratinized mucosa, and pink esthetic score (PES). Patients also completed a treatment satisfaction questionnaire Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 31.0. Mann–Whitney U test was applied for non- normally distributed data, and Student’s t-test for normally distributed data. Results were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results: Mean marginal bone change: group K – 1.1 ± 1.11 mm, group T – 1.46 ± 0.87 mm. Mean keratinized mucosa width: K – 2.26 ± 1.14 mm, T – 2.12 ± 0.82 mm (p = 0.8561). Mean plaque index (PI): K – 0.13 ± 0.34, T – 0.19 ± 0.40 (p = 0.6131). Mean bleeding on probing (BOP): K – 16.30 ± 16.18, T – 16.67 ± 16.98 (p = 0.9828). Mean probing depth (PD): K – 2.8 ± 0.49 mm, T – 2.89 ± 0.52 mm (p = 0.5574). Pink esthetic score (PES): K – 6.70 ± 1.77, T – 7.39 ± 1.69 (p = 0.2148). No statistically significant differences in patient satisfaction between the groups were found (p >0.05). Conclusion: No statistically significant differences were found between the groups for any of the evaluated parameters. Keywords: Marginal bone changes, dental implants, follow – up. |
