| Abstract [eng] |
Recurrent hemarthrosis after total knee arthroplasty is a relatively rare but clinically significant postoperative complication. According to European statistical data, the probability of developing this complication is approximately 0.3–1.6%. Recurrent bleeding causes pain, joint swelling, limits the range of motion of the leg, negatively affects quality of life, and reduces patient satisfaction with surgical outcomes. Although the cause of bleeding into the knee joint cavity often remains unidentified, the risk factors are well known. Bleeding may be caused by proliferative synovitis, pigmented villonodular synovitis, coagulation disorders or the use of anticoagulants, and genicular pseudoaneurysms. Currently applied treatment strategies range from conservative therapy to targeted embolization of knee vessels, arthroscopic or open synovectomy. Timely diagnosis and treatment of hemarthrosis after total knee arthroplasty are very important to prevent permanent limitations in range of motion and poor postoperative outcomes. This study reviews the risk factors, etiology, diagnostic possibilities, and treatment methods of recurrent hemarthrosis in prosthetic knee joints described in the scientific literature. Clinical cases were also analyzed, and the diagnostic and treatment course, effectiveness of applied treatment methods, and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Existing diagnostic and treatment recommendations were summarized, and optimal management strategies for this rare but clinically significant complication were identified. |
