| Abstract [eng] |
Sudden cardiac death during sports is a rare but important condition, most often related to undiagnosed cardiovascular diseases. Although physical activity is beneficial for the prevention of chronic diseases, intense exercise may trigger arrhythmias in individuals at risk. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to both primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in physically active individuals. However, some differences remain between recommendations of various organizations, especially regarding restrictions of physical activity in people with cardiovascular diseases. The aim: To review scientific literature on sudden cardiac death in sports and current prevention strategies aimed at reducing these events. Methods: A literature review was performed, including analysis and summary of research findings. The search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases, including articles published in English from 2020 onwards and not older than 6 years. Conclusions: The risk of sudden cardiac death varies depending on age, sex, type of sport, and individual biological factors. Primary prevention, especially preparticipation screening, helps identify some individuals at risk. Secondary prevention, including emergency preparedness and the availability of automated external defibrillators, significantly improves survival, but its implementation is still insufficient. Recent evidence suggests that with proper risk assessment and management, safe participation in sports may be possible for some athletes. Therefore, individualized decision-making is becoming increasingly important. |
