| Abstract [eng] |
Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Asthma manifests as shortness of breath of varying severity, wheezing, coughing attacks, and a feeling of chest tightness. Oxidative stress arises when the production of free radicals exceeds the antioxidant defense system’s capacity, leading to a redox imbalance. Under oxidative stress, airway inflammation is activated, leading to airway remodeling and maintenance of bronchial hyperreactivity. Airway epithelial remodeling can cause irreversible tissue fibrosis in asthma patients, thereby contributing to a severe course of asthma. The aim of this study is to examine how oxidative stress affects asthma, what clinical benefits oxidative stress biomarkers could provide and how antioxidants can alleviate the course of the disease. Scientific literature indicates that high levels of free radicals in lung tissue promote resistance to glucocorticoid treatment, while beta-2 adrenergic drugs provoke oxidative stress and gradually disrupt receptor signaling. Air pollution and smoking are also associated with oxidative stress and trigger asthma symptoms. Biomarkers of oxidative stress may help assess asthma symptom control and disease severity and help specify asthma endotypes. In addition to traditional asthma treatment, damage caused by oxidative stress can be mitigated by an antioxidant-rich diet and supplements such as zinc and vitamin C. It has been observed that plant substances such as thyme, eucalyptus, and propolis, as well as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium probiotics, also improve the course of asthma. |
