| Abstract [eng] |
Significance of the Problem: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a complex imaging technique used in medical practice to visualize the structure and function of specific tissues and organs in the human body. MRI is widely used, particularly in the fields of neurology, orthopedics, cardiology, gynecology, and internal medicine. The reason for this is its superior soft-tissue contrast, which highlights certain structures more effectively than, e.g., CT. Additionally, MRI does not involve the use of ionizing radiation. The characteristics mentioned above fundamentally support its broad application in pulmonology as well, since a very large proportion of patients in clinics and hospitals suffer from respiratory complaints. However, limitations of MRI technology currently account for its limited use in pulmonary diagnostics. Studies, however, demonstrate advances in the technology, interpretation, and application of this radiological modality, which is why a systematic comparison with other imaging modalities in various areas of pulmonology appears essential to better guide clinical decision-making and achieve better outcomes in the future. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this master’s thesis is to conduct a comprehensive literature review on lung MRI and to compare it with other radiological modalities. The objective is to discuss the role of lung MRI in modern clinical practice and to highlight its significance in the diagnosis of various diseases. In addition, this thesis aims to provide a detailed overview of the requirements for MRI in pulmonary diagnostics and to identify potential improvements for broader application in pulmonology. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, ERS publications, RSNA, Amboss, and internet searches to identify relevant studies and information on the role of MRI in pulmonary diagnostics. The search was limited to German and English. Results: Lung MRI has proven to be a useful tool in many areas, such as pulmonary fibrosis, COPD, and the detection and staging of tumors. However, MRI is not yet widely used in radiological diagnostics. New technical advances such as UTE, ZTE, and HP-MRI are leading to improved diagnostic results and paving the way for the future of lung MRI. Conclusion: Thanks to research and innovation, MRI technology is currently making significant strides in the diagnosis of a wide range of pulmonary diseases, and its scope of application continues to expand. Nevertheless, obstacles such as high costs and the need to demonstrate a clear advantage over other radiological procedures must still be overcome in order for lung MRI to find widespread medical application. |
