| Abstract [eng] |
Introduction. Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting hair follicles and sebaceous glands, characterized by polymorphic skin lesions. It mostly begins during adolescence, although it may persist into adulthood or develop for the first time in adult life. Recently, a significant increase in acne cases among adult women has been observed. This condition affects women of reproductive age as well as postmenopausal women. Objective. To review scientific literature on menopausal acne, analyzing its multiple etiology and contemporary treatment strategies Methods. The scientific literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Using keywords „menopausal acne“, „post-menopausal acne“, „menopause“, „adult female acne“, „hormonal acne“, „menopausal hyperandrogenism“ 103 articles were found. After excluding publications that did not meet objectives, 67 articles were reviewed. Results. Hormonal imbalance, immune system changes, genetic predisposition, stress, smoking, cosmetic use, certain medications and poor nutrition were identified as significant factors contributing to menopausal acne. Treatment approach depends on acne severity and associated symptoms. Conclusions. Etiology of menopausal acne is multifactorial, with hormonal imbalance being the main cause. The most effective treatment method is long-term local treatment with benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, azelaic acid, if necessary combined with perioral spironolactone, isotretinoin. Hormonal therapy can be used without clear signs of hyperandrogenism, but before prescribing contraceptives, thorough examination of the patient is necessary. Laser and light therapy can be an additional treatment method, but more detailed studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness. |
