| Abstract [eng] |
Quality air inside premises ensures health of people as well as their wellbeing and comfort. It is relevant to analyse the spread of microscopic fungus, causing health problems in public and residential premises as well as to define environmental conditions affecting their spread, development and increase. Research was carried out in September 2018 – January 2019 in Mažeikiai. Air in 15 premises was analysed; 166 samples were gathered. Air samples were collected using the flow collection (250 l/min) cyclonic trap “Coriolis” and by applying the method of the passive sampling (10 min). Dust was gathered by the cotton swab. Cultivation of microscopic fungus was organised by aids of the potato dextrose agar environment. Pathogenic microscopic fungus were identified by the light microscope, colony forming units were presented in 1 m3 of air (kfv/m3). Analysis of dust contaminated with Aspergillus spp. synthesized aflatoxins was done by aids of the immunoassay method CD-ELISA; results are given in µg / kg. Analysis in public premises showed that the most intensive domination of Cladosporium spp. Causing allergic reactions exists in the air. In catering establishments, they composed 70% of all identified microscopic fungus’ spores; air in the bakery premised was contaminated the most by those allergens. The concentration of Penicillium genus, passively deposited in the air of canteen rooms (708 ± 192 kfv / m3) exceeded the WHO recommended limit by about 30 percent. (500 kfv/m3. Quality of educational institutions is a concern. Dust in educational laboratories and city library were contaminated with fungus of the genus Aspergillus. Analysis of their synthesized aflatoxins showed that special attention should be paid to the quality of libraries' premises, as aflatoxin concentration was twice high there (3.97 ± xg / kg) if compared to the dust contamination of aflatoxins in the school canteen and the educational laboratory (2.25- 2.4 µg / kg). Analysis of residential premises showed that Cladosporium spp. dominates in the air. Comparing total contamination, microscopic fungus concentrations in the air of individual houses (maximum pollution was 11,929 kfv / m3) and dust (9 to 100 pcs / plate) was higher if compared to the air quality of the most polluted public premises (708 kfv / m3) and dust (from 2 to 24 items per plate). Pollution by Penicillium spp. in individual houses ranges from 23 to 70%; in flats – from 7 to 90% from the total pollution. |
