| Abstract [eng] |
On the basis of data from old Lithuanian writings and existing dialects, an assumption is made that the qualitative (k)-oks, (k)-oki(a)-type pronouns, which formed in the Lithuanian protolanguage, were derivatives of the suffix *-ak- with the stems *šia-, *ja-, *ana, *ta-, *kita-, *ka-, *vena- and *visa-. The masculine and neuter pronouns of this type possessed an a-stem, whereas the feminine pronouns possessed an a-stem. Some modifications had already occurred in the stems and in the declension of the said pronouns in the majority of cases under the influence of *(j)is, *j)i resp. *patis, *pati-type pronominal declension even before Leskien's Law. The most favourable conditions for this change, however, were in the paradigms of the indirect demonstrative pronouns *taka pati and *takas patis, with the pronoun patis gradually acquiring some ia-stem forms; *taki developed on the model of *pati, while *takis > tokis developed on the model of patis (also cf. (j)is, šis) from *takas. With the modification of the inflectional classes, these feminine pronouns began to be declined as *pati-type words, whereas their masculine counterparts as (j)is, šis resp. patis pronouns, which possessed the nominative, accusative and inessive i-stem forms; the forms of the other cases possessed an ja-stem. The evolution of its further development involved the abolition of the weak suppletion from the paradigms of the feminine and the masculine pronouns (toki - tokia, tokis - tokias), and the reduction of the number of allomorphs according to he model of the adjectives žalias, žalia. This change, however, was not all-encompassing; it had a greater effect on the feminine gender paradigms. |
