| Abstract [eng] |
In the dissertation the central philosopheme of existentialist Miguel de Unamuno – “the man of flesh and bone” – is analyzed. Resting upon the criticism of existential philosophy from Gianni Vattimo, it is stated, that in the subject and object of Unamuno’s philosophy – “the man of flesh and bone”, there is a dimension of ontological individuality as a theological precondition, which in this dissertation is illuminated by the Kierkegaardian individual. Firstly, it is presented what it means that “the man of flesh and bone” is the center of Unamuno’s philosophy and that Unamuno’s philosophy is a subjective thinking through individuality-concreteness. Then it is revealed how Unamuno destroys ontological individuality of “the man of flesh and bone”: through the analysis of the activity of self-consciousness, through the presentation of dimensions of skepticism and metaphysical voluntarism. Since despite the destruction of ontological individuality of “the man of flesh and bone” this subject remains the center of Unamuno’s philosophy as individuality-concreteness, it is proposed that ontological individuality is a theological precondition which is interpreted through the perspective of Kierkegaardian individual. It is revealed that the same as Kierkegaard’s individual, Unamuno’s subject ontologically is an individual, who has relation to himself/herself and God, whose individuality is actualized only through the faith, which overcomes the sphere of universality, whose individuality cannot be mediated and comprehended. |
