| Abstract [eng] |
The aim of the article is to find out the peculiarities of the expression of apology typical of various European languages. The expression of apology often shows particular semantic shades. The main sources are as follows: various explanatory and bilingual dictionaries, conversation books. The material is chosen purposefully. The authors believe that these publications show the most characteristic, generally used expression which is typical of that language (culture). The investigated material reflects the expression of apology of the following languages: Lithuanian, Latvian, Russian, Polish, German, French, Spanish, Italian and English. It is possible to make an assumption that comparing this material one can notice particular features of the mentality of different nations. The collected material shows that performative verbs ATSIPRAŠAU, PRZEPRASZAM which show the action performed by the addresser are used to express apology only in the Lithuanian and Polish languages. The form ИЗВИНЯЮСЬ present in the Russian language is stylistically marked and used when talking in low style. Sometimes apology is expressed admitting fault. For this purpose in many languages internationalisms (Latin MEA CULPA, English SORRY, French PARDON) and own constructions, usually in the forms of the compound predicate are used. [...]. |
