| Abstract [eng] |
Images, associations, experience and emotions related in the consciousness of Lithuanian and German linguistic societies with a tree and its evaluation are analyzed with the help of the term concept that is understood as whole information about something existing in the consciousness of people speaking a certain language. Values are collected and kept in a language: in the meanings of words and word combinations (collocations and idioms), in proverbs, sayings and texts. Linguistic units representing the concept TREE (lit. MEDIS) / BAUM in Lithuanian and German linguistic societies form a system of accepted and adopted values and are the instruments of its reflection. The analysis of examples collected from explanatory dictionaries and corpus linguistics shows that the concept TREE / BAUM is the source domain and the target domain is HUMAN BODY, HUMAN INNER WORLD, HUMAN SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT, HUMAN BEHAVIOUR. Some expressions of the concept TREE / BAUM are the units of lexical system (e.g. wooden, board, branch, chip, billet, das Holz, der Baum) that are used not to define a perennial plant “with hard trunk and branches” or an object made of wood, but for characterization of human character and appearance. Such correlation of lexemes with indirectly experienced fi elds of human inner world (feelings, character, mental states, etc.) frequently implicates the negative aspect of evaluation (ein Holzkopf). The studied examples show that axiological aspect of the concept TREE is not directly expressed. It may be interpreted while analyzing the visual base of the word combination (usually phraseological one). After studying TREE / BAUM, four groups of conceptual metaphors were determined. In these metaphors the aspects of evaluation related to the studied concepts are reflected in one way or another. [...]. |
