| Abstract [eng] |
The main physical characteristics which the quality of the basketball depends on and which must be developed while training young basketball players are strength (speed strength, explosive power), speed (of different kind) (Buceta, Killik, 2000; Butautas, 2002; Stonkus, 2002, 2003; Balčiūnas, 2005). Speed is very important, so running short distances may seem to be an essential feature of success on many sports fields (Carlock et al., 2004). For many team sports, the distance covered is typically of the acceleration phase type (<30 m) (Wild et al., 2011; Rumpf et al., 2016). While many coachers realize that plyometric training, running exercises, resisted sprints is the most effective method of training start speed, perhaps the most effective method is resisted sprints (Barr, Sheppard, Agar-Newman, Newton, 2014; Thomas, Comfort, Chiang, Jones, 2015). This master's thesis aims at substantiating the authors’ opinion. The object of the study. Speed training of young basketball players. The aim. To determine and evaluate the effectiveness of three different types of training on the speed of young basketball players. Research objectives. 1. To investigate the theoretical assumptions of the application of speed while training young basketball players. 2. To investigate the effectiveness of three training methods on the speed of young basketball players. 3. Evaluate which training method is the most effective in terms of effort. The research sample. The research sample consisted of 12 young basketball players of Šiauliai Sports School “Saulė-Aska” (n = 12). The subjects participate in the Student Basketball League (MKL) U16 Championship. Their athletic experience ranges from 5-8 years. Number of basketball workouts per week 5 times. Conclusions. 1. The scientists’ view (Rumpf et al., 2016; Clark et al., 2009; Kristensen, 2006; Spinks et al., 2007) has been confirmed that running with external resistance can improve speed. The opinion of the authors (Kristensen et al., 2006; Markovic et al., 2007 Markovic and Mikulic, 2010)who stated that sprint and plyometric training can improve speed, was partially confirmed, although the results obtained in the study did not indicate improvement but remained statistically significant. 2. The method of running with external resistance improved the speed parameters in 5 m. and 20 m. sections, and in 10 m. section the results did not change. The results of 5 m. decreased by 0.019 seconds (p <0.05), and 20 m. section results decreased by 0.03 seconds (p <0.03). The results of the long jump test improved by 10 cm (p <0.001) and the result of the jump from elevation (30 cm) improved by 1.03 cm (p <0.05). The plyometric group improved the long jump distance by 14 cm (p <0.04) and the group of running with external resistance by 10 cm (p <0.001). The speed results of both the plyometric group and the sprint group increased, but remained statistically significant. 3. In terms of effort perception, the most effective method in speed training is, no doubt, running with external resistance, although it requires the most effort. Key words. Speed, physical training, basketball players’ training, plyometrics, power. |
