| Abstract [eng] |
The aim of this study was to investigate the young athletes' nutrition planning according to the concept of adequate nutrition and formula of balanced nutrition taking into consideration athletes' canteen menus and their variations. For the investigation, athletes' canteen menus of the different seasons of years 2005-2006 were selected. From each season's every month, there were chosen 6-day menus with 4-day intervals (72 menus in total). The obtained data was compared to chemical composition of athletes' canteen menus of the year 1989. After carrying out comparative analysis of the menus, the variations of nutrition in athletes' canteen were assessed. The study results showed that the total energy quantity of athletes' canteen menu rations of the years 2005/2006 cover athletes' energy inputs. The mean energy value of rations equals 4882,63 ± 57,90 ccal (S = 127,34). Just slight variations where found following evaluation of the mean energy value of different season menus. Winter season menus had the highest energy value - 5044,83 ± 64,28 ccal (S = 276,40), while for the spring season, it was the lowest - 4726,4 ± 75,40 ccal (S = 324,21). However, the difference was statistically insignificant (p>0,05). Athletes' canteen menus of the years 2005/2006 meet their energy requirements. On the other hand, the nutrition balance is reflected at best by the percentage of energy value supplied with proteins, fat and carbohydrates. After calculation of the mean energy value percentage supplied by the main nutritional ingredients from all years' menus, it was determined that the part of mean energy value supplied by proteins consists 13,12% and this corresponds the recommended - 10-22%. Whereas the part of energy value supplied by fat is higher than the recommended and consists in 41,31% (the recommended - 20-30%). The part of energy value supplied by carbohydrates (which should supply 50-65% of energy) consists in only 45,88% and does not approach the minimum recommended limit. Vitamin composition of the athletes' canteen menu rations shows that almost all vitamin quantities are close to the minimum recommended limits, however the unbalance of vitamins is observed. Whereas the quantity of mineral ingredients in athletes' canteen menus corresponded the recommended quantities and in some cases exceeded them. After carrying out comparative analysis of the athletes' canteen menus of the years 1989 and 2005/ 2006, the same tendencies were noticed. Although the possibilities of nutrition product assortment variety were very limited in the year 1989 - only the energy value of menu was taking into consideration during the composition of menus despite the concept of adequate nutrition and formula of balanced nutrition. It was determined that a lot of fat products are used - fat meat, butter, other fat and fat products, following evaluation of the assortment of menus' nutrition products of the years 2005/2006. That increases menu calories, however such menus are incomplete. The apparent unbalance of nutritional ingredients was detected in the menu rations of the years 1989 and 2005/2006 resulting in sufficient quantity of proteins, high fat and too low carbohydrate quantities. Also, the unbalance of vitamins and sufficient quantity of mineral ingredients were determined. |
