| Abstract [eng] |
DNA markers are alleles of polymorphic DNA loci that are established using methods of molecular biology and can be used for the identification of specific chromosome region. DNA markers are applied for the detection and analysis of genetic variation. These molecular instruments can help in the understanding of molecular basis of various biological phenomena in plants (loss of genetic diversity, population divergence, adaptivity, response to biotic and abiotic stress, genetic instability et cetera). The use of DNA markers in practical studies requires a careful consideration of the advantages and as well as limitations of various marker techniques. In this review various applications of DNA markers in plant genetic studies including genotyping and characterization of accessions of germplasm collections, assessment of genetic relationships between cultivars, understanding of the genetic variation within and between populations, plant genome analysis and gene cloning are discussed. |
