| Abstract [eng] |
Synthesis of Chitosan Nanoparticles from Mold Fungus Chitosan is a cationic linear biopolymer composed of repeating units of D–glucosamine and N–acetyl–D–glucosamine, which is most often extracted from crustaceans. Chitosan is special due to its antibacterial properties it is non-toxic and biodegradable, therefore, it is highly adaptable in various fields, including pharmaceuticals, where it is used to create nanoparticle coating that is applied for transfer of drugs and other active ingredients. The ever-increasing demand for chitosan forces us to look for alternative sources of its extraction. Molds, which make up a large proportion of waste from the biotechnology industry, can be used for this purpose. The objective of this work was to extract chitosan from Penicillium sp. molds and produce chitosan nanoparticles. To reach the objective, chitin and chitosan were extracted, physicochemical properties of these biopolymers were evaluated. It was planned to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of chitosan and to synthesize chitosan nanoparticles. The chemical method used to isolate chitosan, SEM, FTIR, 13BMR, and 1H NMR analyzes were used to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of chitin and chitosan. The agar diffusion method was planned to be used to evaluate antimicrobial activity, nanoparticles were planned to be synthesized by using the desolvation method. Chitin and chitosan were successfully isolated from Penicillium sp. mycelium. During the study it was determined that chitin that was isolated from Penicillium sp., is characterized by surface nanopores and a crystalline form of β chitin, the yield of chitin was 46 % and that of chitosan was 28%. The preliminary degree of deacetylation of chitosan was found to be 69.64 %. These results substantiate suggest that chitosan is isolated qualitatively. |
