| Abstract [eng] |
There in the final work of the master degree are being analyzed household income inequality and changes in the Baltic countries during 2004-2013. In the full work underlined Lithuania income distribution and inequality in the context of the Baltic countries. The work consists of three parts. The first part examines household, income and their conception. Due to the further analysis of disposable income, more attention is paid on this type of income. It is suggested that large differences in incomes are related to the worldwide income inequality. For this reason, the thesis scrutinises in more detail income inequality, methodology of income inequality evaluation, and consequences of this income inequality are assessed theoretically. The second part analyses the income of households in Baltic countries and their sources from 2004 to 2013. It is pointed out that income from employed labor constitute the largest part in the structures, and it is also asserted that social transfrs continued to increase during the given period. Estimated the average propensity to save (consume) and marginal propensity to consume (save) values, allow to conclude that the larger part of the income is spent for consumption, rather than for saving. Distribution of the income in terms of social groups allows to claim considerable differences in income. Utilising various indicators, the situation of the income inequality in Baltic countries was assessed. One of the most important indicator — Gini coeficient — demonstrated that inequality exists in all Baltic countries. Moreover, the results showed in which country the inequality is the largest. The results of the correlation analysis allows to evaluate the influence of the used rodikliai on the level of the household income and delve into the impact of the economic crisis. Further, the tendencies for the macroeconomic environment from 2014 to 2016 are provided. After the literature analysis, in the third part of the thesis selects the factors reducing the income inequality and specific measures are presented. It is worth mentioning that most of them are associated with state income distribution (social programmes, fiscal politics, etc.). In order to for suggestions to be realistic, preliminary calculations are given that show in what ways and numbers the household income would increase. |
