| Abstract [eng] |
Linguistic evolution is characterized by relationships among languages. Russian had a lot to do with the French language in the past, especially in the 17th-19th centuries. It is advantageous to examine the emergence of French words in the Russian language, especially in the field of military vocabulary, since the history of France is marked by great military rulers such as Charlemagne, Napoleon or Charles de Gaulle. Most of the military terms of French origin appeared in the Russian language during the time of Napoleon I, including battalion (French: bataillon), brigadier (French: brigadier), general (French: général), salute (French: salut), soldier (French: soldat), etc. Some words have kept their primary meanings but others have been transformed, sometimes receiving a negative connotation, e.g. the words or expressions like go out (French: sortir), dear friend (French: cher ami) or horse (French: cheval).The main goal of this work is to support the idea of the importance of multilingualism for linguistic evolution because all languages interact with each other making them richer, more beautiful and more accessible to others. The comparison and analysis of the influence of French on Russian as well as the professional vocabulary of the military in French and Russian with the search for similar words which have the same oral or written form but have different or similar meanings can help us to answer the question whether there is a single origin or explanation for the appearance of homonyms in the French-Russian military discourse. |
