| Title |
Свідчення переміщених осіб про трагедію Великого Голоду в Україні як інструмент дискредитації українства у повоєнній Європі (1945 – поч. 1950-х рр.) / |
| Translation of Title |
Oral history of displaced persons about the tragedy of the Great famine in Ukraine as an instrument of discredit of Ukrainians in postwar Europe (1945 – beginning of 1950s). |
| Authors |
Boriak, Tetiana |
| DOI |
10.15421/172221 |
| Full Text |
|
| Is Part of |
Грані = Granі.. Dnìpropetrovsk : Oles Honchar Dnipro National University. 2022, vol. 25, no. 2, p. 35-43.. ISSN 2077-1800. eISSN 2413-8738 |
| Keywords [eng] |
oral history ; Holodomor ; Second World War ; displaces persons ; emigration ; propaganda |
| Abstract [eng] |
The goal of the research. To investigate how repatriaton of Ukrainians after the Second World War influences narrative about the famine that was made public during their stay in the DP camps in Western zone of occupation and to learn conditions of formation of an ideological cliche about witnesses of the famine as Nazis collaboratiors. In conditions of full-scale of aggression of Russia against Ukraine it is actual to figure out peculiarities of mass transfer of Ukrainians to the West during and after the war, preserving by them feeling of belonging to certain ethnical communities, an attempt to comprehend criminality of the authorities in the state they left, defending their right for freedom. The results. End of the Second World War resulted into movement of resistance of hundreds of thousands of Ukrainians who due to various conditions ended up outside the borders of Ukraine and resisted forced return to USSR. The article analyzes the reasons of how refugees and transferred persons recalled traumatic experience of being in the country of residence, first of all – famine of 1932–1933 and its active promulgation of facts of “non-human extermination”. This was reached by various means, firts of all – through publication of oral history of eyewitnesses of tragic events in numerous camp periodicals. The article investigates how this information was “suppressed” by Communistic propaganda. Huge efforts were applied to discredit Ukrainians-non-returnees as collaborators. This propagandistic narrative in advance leveled anti-Soviet statements and testimonies. The author points at conditions that were an obstacle for objective perception of objective testimonies of refugees about the crimes of Stalinism and realization of their scale. Negative public opinion was formed under influence of communistic propaganda: Ukrainian refugees collaborated with the Nazis, therefore, were hiding from the Soviet authorities; so, they, therefore, were non-objective in their evaluation and exaggerated crimes of Bolshevik regimes. Conclusions. Beginning of wide promulgation of the Famine facts as a crime against humanity outies the USSR borders during the postwar era became possible thanks to conscious activity of refugees and displaced persons who ended up in foreign countries and resisted returning them “home”. At the same time European community turned out to be weak so to fully evaluate danger of propagandistic rhetoric of equaling of almost every Ukrainian who dared to speak publicly about the Soviet repressions and camps, as well as about the famine in Ukraine – with the Nazism. |
| Published |
Dnìpropetrovsk : Oles Honchar Dnipro National University |
| Type |
Journal article |
| Language |
Ukrainian |
| Publication date |
2022 |
| CC license |
|
