| Abstract [eng] |
The thesis analyses the spread of psychological violence throughout the work in an integrated manner by comparing the countries with different size of population, religion, customs, traditions and economic development. The reasons determining the spread of psychological violence and expressions of psychological violence, i.e. prevailing family model in different populations, surrounding environment, public attitude towards the issue, applicable programmes for support to the victims and perpetrators of violence, and the main somatic and psychological expressions of psychological violence, have been found out. The aim of the thesis is to establish the spread of psychological violence in Lithuania, its peculiarities, identify the criteria of psychological violence and relevance of such criteria in forensic medicine practice. The survey, logical, linguistic, comparative, epidemiological, observational descriptive and widespread statistical methods have been employed in the thesis. The result of the comprehensive analysis of the spread of psychological violence described in this thesis is the spread of psychological violence is predisposed by the surrounding environment, the expressions of psychological violence and the way of solution of the problem. Psychological violence is determined by socially vulnerable environment which is the result of deprivation, low economic development level and addictive behaviour (alcohol, drugs) of the surrounding people. The main expressions of psychological violence assert in somatic and psychological disorders: indigestion or heartburn, headache, cramp and muscle spasms, asphyxia at rest, difficulties in decision-making, difficulties in concentrating, inability to accomplish one task before starting another task, feeling of animosity towards other people, willingness to lose heart for minor problems, languor after returning home from work, fatigue in the morning after the night sleep. The analysis of the spread of violence among children who underwent treatment in health care facilities has shown that, for the purposes of assessment of mechanical injuries, negligible health impairment prevails; nevertheless, the health impairment caused by psychological violence during the physical trauma is not taken into account. Mechanical factors in suffering of physical violence cause not only bruising and abrasion, but also psychological disorder which is referred to as response to stress. Generally, negligible health impairment suffered as a result of mechanical factors and suffered psychological violence and caused mental disorders may be treated for months, but it is not assessed in a comprehensive manner. Thus the patients who have suffered mechanical injuries which, according to the forensic medicine practice, are classified as negligible health impairment must be provided with qualified psychological assistance. In the majority of cases, only comprehensive evaluation of the mechanical and psychological injuries caused by physical violence could change not only the degree of health impairment, but also the legal responsibility of the perpetrator of violence. |
